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"History of Injection Wells and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program" with Fred Duffy
An informative review of major applications of injection-disposal wells in the United States. Just to name a few, these wells have been used for: enhance production of oil and gas, recovery of sulfur and uranium, create storage caverns in salt such as the strategic petroleum reserve (SPR), disposal of industrial and municipal waste, and providing potable water in conjunction with water treatment facilities associated with aquifer recharge/storage and targeting brackish water reservoirs.
Decades later, state and federal regulations came into existence to oversee the permitting of these wells to ensure their proper geologic setting and engineering standards be met for the protection of human health and the environment.
Biography:
Fred’s professional career started in 1978 with Western Geophysical and CGG in Houston, Texas processing seismic data for the oil industry. In 1980 he hired on with CONOCO. His first 6 years as an exploration geophysicist interpreting 2D and 3D seismic data from the Bering Sea, offshore Alaska and the deepwater trend of the Gulf of Mexico. The next 6 years were in Lafayette, Louisiana’s production office working along reservoir and drilling engineers for onshore and offshore shallow water projects. From 1992 to retirement in 2022, he was employed with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) as a permit writer reviewing primarily Class I and Class III injection well permit applications and other related matters.
Fred received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in geology from the City University of New York (CUNY) and Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana. He also attended the University of Houston and the University of Southwest Louisiana for additional graduate study.